Class 10 English Unit 1 : How Driverless Cars Will Change Our World Exercise

Unit 1  Current Affairs and Issues 

Reading - I 

How Driverless Cars Will Change Our World Exercise

A. The following words have two different meanings.

Match each word with the meaning used in the context of the text above.

a. glare - ii. an intense blinding light

b. curb - i. a stone edging to a pavement or raised path

c. hail - i. to call somebody in order to attract their attention

d. commute - ii. to travel regularly between workplace and home

e. serene - i. calm and peaceful

f. liability - ii. the state of being legally responsible for something

g. deploy - ii. to use something effectively

h. autonomous - i. a vehicle that has the technology to drive itself

i. perception - ii. the ability to understand the true nature of something

B. Choose the correct alternatives to complete the sentences below.

a. One of the features of automated cars is that.....

i. they wait for the passengers.

ii. they approach slowly.✓

iii. They have their own voice to welcome people into them....

b. Driverless technology is being widely used particularly in .....

i. the USA✓ ii. the UK iii. the UAE...

c. The positive impact of such technology on the environment is .....

i. it prevents road accidents.

ii. it paves the way to sustainable life.

ii. it reduces carbon production....✓

d. One of the problems with driverless technology is that .....

i. it cannot deal with traffic system.

ii. It cannot deal with human drivers.✓

iii. it cannot cope with other cars....

e. One of the biggest challenges of automated cars is .....

i. its safety from the human environment

ii. human safety from it

iii. its durability in the human environment...✓

f. The automated technology developed so far is .....

i. completely trustworthy

ii. partly trustworthy✓

iii. not trustworthy at all...

C. Answer the following questions.

a. Mention any three features of the driverless car.

Answer :  Three features of driverless cars are:

They can operate without a human driver and navigate on their own.

They use active sensors to detect and respond to the environment around them.

They can be controlled through apps, allowing people to request rides easily.

b. Describe the benefits of driverless technology.

Answer: There are many benefits of driverless technology. First is Improved safety. Autonomous vehicles can reduce accidents caused by human error. Second, Sustainability, They can lower carbon emissions and promote eco-friendly transportation. Driverless cars can make long journeys more convenient. Autonomous technology can take people out of dangerous working environments.

c. What, according to Camilla Fowler, is the special advantage of automated vehicles?

Answer: According to Camilla Fowler, the special advantage of automated vehicles is their potential to provide safer roads and reduce fatalities. They have the capability to improve road safety and lower the number of accidents that occur annually.

d. What are the problems with driverless vehicles in David Hynd's view?

Answer: In David Hynd's views, the problems with driverless vehicles include their ability to cope with human drivers who may not always follow traffic rules or drive calmly. Ensuring that driverless cars can handle unpredictable human behaviour is a significant challenge.

e. What are scientists doing to make driverless technology safer?

Answer: Scientists are making driverless technology safer by testing and addressing its performance in complex and unpredictable human environments. At places like the Mcity Test Facility at the University of Michigan, experts test various scenarios that autonomous vehicles may encounter on real roads to improve their safety and effectiveness.

f. Do you think driverless technology is safer than human-controlled driving? Why?

Answer: Driverless technology removes the most significant cause of car accidents - human error. Computers can sense the road better, react faster and follow rules more perfectly. So though not completely foolproof yet, driverless technology undoubtedly has the potential to significantly reduce accidents and save many lives compared to human-controlled driving.

D. Think of any three other areas where artificial intelligence (Al) has been used. What are the benefits of using Al in these areas? Share your ideas with the class.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is being used in many more areas. Three further areas where AI has significantly improved things are:

1. Healthcare: AI is utilised for disease diagnosis, medical image analysis, drug discovery, and personalised treatment plans.

2. Environment : AI is being utilised to solve environmental issues including climate change, deforestation, and the preservation of biodiversity. AI algorithms can detect and forecast environmental changes via data analysis, allowing more efficient strategies for environmental protection and sustainable practices.

3. Business : Customer service has undergone a radical change thanks to AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants. Customers will be more satisfied and companies will run more smoothly as a result of this intelligent system's ability to manage consumer concerns, provide immediate assistance, and even handle complicated interactions.

Grammar I

A. Match the following statements with the correct reported speech and notice how the statements are changed.

a. Khushi said, "I go to school every day by bus."

- Khusi said that she went to school every day by bus.

b. Karma said to me, "1 am sorry for coming late." 

- Karma apologised for coming late.

c. Susan says, "I will leave for Bhanu next week."

- Susan says that she will leave for Bhanu the following.

d. Tshering said, " I will surely meet you this Saturday." 

- Tshering promised me to meet that Saturday.

e. "The bus leaves at six," said the agent.

- The agent informed us that the bus left at six.

f. "I have already finished my project work," said She.

- She said that she had already finished her project work.

g. "I work from home these days," , said Yanjal.

- Yanjal said that he worked from house those days.

B. Complete the following sentences with the correct reporting verbs.

[advised, admitted, warned, offered, thanked, agreed, informed, agreed, apologised, promised]

a. "I broke the mirror." He admitted that he had broken the mirror.

b. "I'd go and see a doctor if I were you," Pemba advised me to see a doctor.

c. "I will send you out if you make a noise again," said the librarian. The librarian warned me not to make a noise again.

d. "I can come and help you plant rice," said Raman. Raman offered to help me plant rice.

e. "The classes start from next week," said the assistant. The assistant informed us that the classes start from the following week.

f. Sonam said to me, "Thank you so much for your help." Sonam thanked me for my help.

g. "OK, I will return your money by Saturday," said Prakriti. Prakriti promised to return my money by Saturday.

h. "I will really work hard and score good grades," said Anupam. Anupam agreed to work hard and get good grades.

i. "I am sorry for coming late," said the speaker. The speaker apologised for coming late.

Writing I 

The use of Al in the technology is not only making people's liveseasier but bringing new challenges. Write a newspaper article about the challenges brought by the advancement of AI in technology.

Title: The Rise of AI in Technology: Facing Challenges Together

July 22nd, Kathmandu Post

In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has taken the world by storm, changing how we live, work, and interact. From helpful virtual assistants on our phones to decision-making algorithms, AI has made life easier in many ways. But with these advancements come important challenges that we need to understand and address.

Job Concerns: Some worry that AI might take over jobs, leaving people unemployed. While AI can do repetitive tasks, it also creates new job opportunities. We must adapt our skills to fit this changing job landscape.

Privacy and Security: AI relies on lots of data, raising concerns about our privacy. Companies and governments must use data responsibly, protecting our personal information from misuse and theft.

Fairness Matters: AI algorithms learn from past data, and if that data is biased, it can make unfair decisions. This could affect important areas like hiring and justice. We need to make sure AI is fair and doesn't perpetuate inequalities.

Tough Choices: AI is now used in areas that raise ethical dilemmas. For example, self-driving cars must make tough decisions during emergencies. We need clear guidelines on how AI should handle these situations.

Rules and Safety: AI is growing fast, and rules are struggling to keep up. We must find a balance between encouraging innovation and ensuring safety to avoid potential misuse.

Working Together: AI is powerful, but it can't replace human creativity and empathy. Finding the right balance between AI and humans is essential to maintain human values.

Conclusion:

AI offers exciting possibilities, but it also brings challenges. We must work together – policymakers, industry leaders, and ethicists – to use AI responsibly and ethically. By balancing innovation, regulation, and ethics, we can create a better world where AI serves us while preserving what makes us human.